Keyboard (No Exception)
Summary:
WCAG 2.1.3, "Keyboard (No Exception)," takes keyboard accessibility a notch higher. It ensures that absolutely all functions on a website or application are operable through a keyboard interface, without exceptions. This is a Level AAA criterion, representing the highest standard in accessibility for users who cannot or prefer not to use a mouse.
What:
Under this guideline, every single interactive feature - be it navigation, form submission, media control, or custom functionality - must be accessible via keyboard. It extends the principles of 2.1.1 but without allowing any exceptions, even for complex tasks.
Why:
While 2.1.1 provides a broad base for keyboard accessibility, 2.1.3 closes any gaps, ensuring that users with the most severe restrictions in terms of mouse use aren't left out. This level of inclusivity is vital for creating digital content that's truly accessible to all, including users with significant physical disabilities.
Examples and Scenarios:
- Advanced Interactive Features: Functions like drag-and-drop interfaces or drawing tools must have keyboard-operable alternatives.
- Complex Web Applications: Every aspect of complex applications, including real-time interactive features, must be navigable and operable with keyboard input.
- Interactive Games: All playable elements and controls in web-based games must be fully accessible using a keyboard.
How to Comply:
- Websites: Implement keyboard operability for all elements and functionalities, and conduct thorough testing to ensure there are no exceptions. Consider using JavaScript and ARIA (Accessible Rich Internet Applications) to enhance keyboard operability for complex features.
- Mobile Apps: Ensure that all features in the app, including those typically operated by touch or gesture, are fully operable with an external keyboard.
- Software Applications: Provide comprehensive keyboard interaction capabilities for all aspects of the application, including navigation, content interaction, and control activation.
Exceptions:
- None: As a Level AAA criterion, 2.1.3 allows no exceptions. All functionality must be operable via a keyboard interface. This high level of compliance may not be achievable for all websites or applications but represents an ideal standard for accessibility.