On Input
Summary:
WCAG 3.2.2, "On Input," focuses on making web interactions predictable by ensuring context is only changed when users initiate it. This guideline is particularly helpful for users with cognitive disabilities or visual impairments, as well as those reliant on assistive technologies.
What:
It mandates that changing any user interface component's setting should not automatically trigger a change of context, unless the user is explicitly informed or requests it.
Why:
Automatic changes can be disorienting or confusing, leading to a frustrating experience, especially for users who navigate differently. Ensuring changes occur only with user action or clear consent enhances usability and control.
Examples and Scenarios:
- Select Menus: Changing a selection in a drop-down menu shouldn’t automatically submit the form or navigate to a new page.
- Settings Adjustments: Adjusting preferences in settings should not immediately redirect users or refresh the page.
- Interactive Controls: Interacting with sliders or switches should not cause unexpected navigation or content changes.
How to Comply:
- Websites: Design interactive elements so their alteration doesn’t automatically cause context changes.
- Mobile Apps: Ensure app interfaces follow similar principles, maintaining user control over actions.
- Software Applications: Adopt predictable behavior patterns where user actions don’t lead to unintended context changes.
Exceptions:
- User Informed Changes: If the user is explicitly informed that a specific action will change the context.
- Essential Context Changes: In cases where a change is fundamental to the functionality of the component and is expected by the user.